Raffy Tulfo They are followed by re-electionist Senator Risa Hontiveros at 38 percent, former senator Jinggoy Estrada, 37 percent, and former senator JV Ejercito at 35 percent. Maria, after first charming the likes of Sharon Cuneta and Kris Aquino in the 90s. Bagsik ni Captain Barbell! ILOCOS - Actor and senatorial candidate Robin Padilla is not the 12th senatorial bet of the BBM-Sara UniTeam's senatorial slate, despite the endorsement of Davao City Mayor Sara Duterte-Carpio. Antique Rep. Loren Legarda, former Public Works Secretary Mark Villar, and Taguig City-Pateros Rep. Alan Peter Cayetano shared the second to fourth places. President Ferdinand Marcos Jr. on Thursday acknowledged the great contribution of Malaysia in forging the peace agreement in Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao. Kilala Niyo Ako Maging sino ka man, nasa panig mo ako. NOW, Unlimited ad-free access to website articles, Access to subscriber exclusive website contents. The actor earlier said he believes that votes for him were votes specifically for his plan to push for federalism in the Philippines one of his campaign promises. Padilla received a 47.3 per cent voter preference in the survey conducted from February 18-23. Pagpupugay at malalim na pasasalamat sa lahat ng aking supporter na gumagastos ng sarili nilang mga pera Para maiparating sa mga Tao na ako po ay kandidato. . The survey, conducted from February 18 to 23, involved 2,400 respondents who are registered voters. Philippines' 2022 senatorial election results: Robin Padilla, Loren Legarda, Raffy Tulfo, Win Gatchalian, Chiz Escudero By Conviron Altatis on May 13, 2022 ( Leave a comment ) Advertisements country: Philippines election date: May 9, 2022 registered voters: 65.7 million (domestic) + 1.8 million (overseas) position: senator seats: 12 Mark Go enjoys Panagbenga Festival with wife Sol, DOJ Sec. Like Padilla, Poe has wide name recall. WATCH | Di foreign investments solusyon. Posted at May 10 2022 06:56 PM | Updated as of May 11 2022 10:43 AM. Any content provided by our authors or contributors are their opinion are not intended to malign any religion, ethnic group, club, organization, company, individual or anyone or anything. House Deputy Speaker Loren Legarda and broadcaster Raffy Tulfo emerged as the most preferred senatorial candidate in the survey recently conducted by OCTA Research. All Rights Reserved. 1 in Senate race, 'Wala pong pera sa pulitika': Robin Padilla denies Senate bid a way to earn money, WATCH: Robin Padilla chimes in on why he is leading Senate race. Ito ay sa kabila ng survey noong isang taon na naglagay sa kaniya sa ika-13 puwesto sa listahan ng mga posibleng manalong senador sa 2019 mid-term elections. Action star Robin Padilla, meanwhile, gained ground as he landed on the 5th to 9th spot with a score of 47.3%. Photo from Robin Padilla FB page, ***Not available for delivery outside of the Philippines. Actor Robin Padilla trended on Twitter Tuesday after ranking 5-9 in Pulse Asia's latest survey of preferred senatorial candidates. Muralla cor Recoletos Sts. 2023 Manila Bulletin The Nation's Leading Newspaper. Wear purple on all Wednesdays of March PCW, Angaras hoop dreams: Pwede pa ba sa Gilas Pilipinas team ito?, Na-miss ang daing! Actor Robin Padilla has climbed to 5th-7th places in the February survey from 11th to 13th places last January. Suprisingly, action star and political neophyte Robin Padilla came in at 9 th place, trailing behind Rodrigo Duterte who has . READ ON: Di po ako nawawalan ng trabaho: Robin Padilla denies money as reason for senate bid. Actor Robin Padilla 35.9 percent Former senator JV Ejercito 33.9 percent Pulse Asia's survey had 2,400 representative adults who are 18 years old and above. Ka Leody De Guzman. Parang inulit lang niya iyong [nangyari noong] 2013, kay Sen. Grace Poe, he said, referring to the incumbent lawmaker, who similarly leapt to first place as senatorial candidate on her first try. Meanwhile, actor Robin Padilla garnered 44 percent of votes, landing him a spot of fourth or eighth. Padilla, 52, has emerged as the top senatorial candidate in the partial, unofficial results, with 97.93% of votes transmitted overtaking survey frontrunners Antique Rep. Loren Legarda and broadcaster Raffy Tulfo. Villar, meanwhile, was previously 4th to 6th (52.9%). Padilla filed his certificate of candidacy for senator under the PDP-Laban party. Broadcaster Raffy Tulfo topped the survey with 66.9 percent support of respondents. MANILA (UPDATED) Actor Robin Padilla is on the way to becoming a first-time senator, based on partial, unofficial results of the Philippine election transmitted Monday night. Padilla was included in the UniTeam senatorial slate of the younger Duterte and her running mate, aspiring president Ferdinand Marcos, Jr. Then you wonder why were all in this mess? Action star Robin Padilla, who's running under PDP-LABAN, was ranked 10th to 14th, along with President Rodrigo Duterte, Senator Risa Hontiveros and former senator Jinggoy Estrada. Veteran broadcaster Raffy Tulfo remained the top pick for senator based on the February survey. 2023 ABS-CBN Corporation. ACTOR Robin Padilla would be in the winning circle if elections were held at this time, according to Social Weather Stations' (SWS) latest pre-election senatorial survey. Ka Leody De Guzman. Huwag po nating paniwalaan yan. The poll respondents named 12 of their preferred senatorial candidates. COPYRIGHT 2022 | POLITIKO | MCDM All Rights Reserved, WATCH | Marcos thanks Malaysia for help in Bangsamoro peace agreement, First Couples choice? TOP SPOT. Newcomers Raffy Tulfo (37.3%) and Mark Villar (34.7%) came in 4th and 5th place. We need leaders with heart and balls! MANILA, Philippines - Actor and pardoned ex-convict Robin Padilla was majorly favored in the senatorial race across the regions, leading in 13 out of 17. Padilla's ranking rose because support for other frontrunners dropped significantly. POLITIKO | The Bible of Philippine Politics. Two celebrities are among the preferred senatorial candidates based on the latest survey by Pulse Asia. Padilla, a popular movie star, has been endorsed by President Duterte and her daughter vice presidential bet Mayor Sara Duterte Carpio. Nasa striking distance [to place No. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. Yall prefer Robin Padilla who knows nothing about law/politics over Chel Diokno who is a lawyer na mas madaming alam kay sa sa ACTION STAR na yan, a netizen said. Medalla eyes 25bps increase in next policy meeting, Ramen Nagi teases comeback of fan favorite ramen. Pulse Asia noted that most of the probable winning senators are either incumbent or former members of Congress. With 25,594,15 votes recorded so far, Padilla of the administration PDP-Laban party led Rep. Loren Legarda (Antique) who had 23,374,825 votes as of 5:47 a.m. Tuesday. Padilla received a 47.3 per cent voter preference in the survey conducted from February 18-23. Points of interest germane to this point include the inclusion of Chel Diokno in the top 12, as well as the relatively lower preference shares of popular personalities such as Raffy Tulfo, Jinggoy Estrada, and Robin Padilla, who place much higher in the surveys of other reputable firms, Yap said. - Former Quezon City Mayor Herbert Bautista Unang-una, yung mga sinabing boboto sa sinumang kandidato, maaaring hindi na bumoto. In a statement on Thursday, February 17, Marcos' spokesperson Vic Rodriguez said the Uniteam still only has 11 senatorial candidates and that Padilla "has yet to be officially made part of our. Fast-forward to 2022, his criminal conviction no longer stood in the way of running for an elected post. - Sen. Joel Villanueva Please abide by Rappler's commenting guidelines. They were followed by Senator Migz Zubiri (34.5%) and returning senator Loren Legarda (34.3%) in 6th and 7th place. Its gonna be very disheartening when the likes of Robin Padilla gets a seat in the senate instead of Chel Diokno, another one added. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. 0928 505 2010 MANILA With no experience as an elected official and foremost known as an action star, Robin Padilla becoming the No. elections2022, Nick Garcia writes about politics, health, entertainment, lifestyle, and pop culture, among others. It's an 11.4% improvement of his survey numbers, the highest among the senatorial candidates. SC reiterates good faith no defense for disallowed benefits, Disallowed allowances of PhilHealth employees worth P15.2M upheld by the SC, DBM OKs release of P495 million for NLEX-SLEX Connector right-of-way payments, Cebu BRT: Transforming urban mobility in the Philippines, BSP Gov. Nasakyan niya kasi yung Duterte wave. In the survey conducted Feb. 18 to 23 and released March 14, Tulfo got 66.9% of votes from 2,400 respondents, from 66.1% in February. Medalla eyes 25bps increase in next policy meeting, Ramen Nagi teases comeback of fan favorite ramen. INFO. Mayor Celeste happily returns to Alaminos after US trip, Nag-warla kasi EDSA! Those who are polling above 40% are relatively safe. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. Antique Representative Loren Legarda remained at the top of the senatorial preference survey conducted by OCTA Research from March 5 to 10, 2022. . Meanwhile, Antique Representative Loren Legarda topped the senatorial race in the National Capital Region, with 3,019,930 votes, and also led in Calabarzon and Western Visayas with 3,747,354 and 1,913,461 votes respectively. Among the top senatorial picks are former Senator Loren Legarda (58.9 percent), former Public Works and Highways Secretary Mark Villar (56.2 percent) and Taguig Rep. Alan Peter Cayetano (55 percent). Rounding out the Magic 12 were Senator Risa Hontiveros (31.3%), Chel Diokno (26.1%), Senator Joel Villanueva (25.9%), Senator Dick Gordon (25%), and Gibo Teodoro (24.1%). It was the same rating that he got in the firm's survey in March 42.5 percent. - Sen. Risa Hontiveros Broadcaster Raffy Tulfo, who topped Pulse Asias April survey on senatorial preferences, did not lead in any regions. Senator Win Gatchalian finished in third place with 40.3 percent of the vote. Dr. David B. Yap Jr., Chief Data Scientist of PUBLiCUS, said the senatorial results highlighted the influence of the sizable proportion of middle-class voters included in the sample of the survey. Bakit sila nilalapitan ng tao? Before transferring to Rappler's Research team, she covered transportation, Quezon City, and the Department of the Interior and Local Government as a reporter. The PAHAYAG National Election Tracker Survey is an independent non-commissioned national survey conducted by PUBLiCUS Asia Inc. Based on the partial and unofficial results transmitted as of May 10, 12:11 pm, with 97.28% precincts reporting, Padilla won in these regions with the following votes: Padilla is part of PDP-Laban. The "Tugon ng Masa" survey was held from April 22 until April 25, covering only 2,400 male and female respondents aged 18 years and above who are re . Another UniTeam senatorial candidate former Quezon City Mayor Herbert Bistek Bautista meantime is the latest addition to the Magic 12 based on the February poll. ACTOR Robin Padilla would be in the winning circle if elections were held at this time, according to Social Weather Stations' (SWS) latest pre-election senatorial survey. Actor Robin Padilla trended on Twitter after a recent Pulse Asia survey showed that he ranks 5-9 in the 2022 senatorial race. Padilla, one of the senatorial aspirants endorsed by President Duterte, soared in the Senate race, landing 10th place with 29 percent in the Social Weather Stations' survey of senatorial preferences. Padilla, a popular movie star, has been endorsed by President Duterte and her daughter vice presidential bet Mayor Sara Duterte Carpio. It was the same rating that he got in the firm's survey in March 42.5 percent. PBBM, dapat nang bitawan ang DA! 1 senator in the Philippine elections may seem surprising, but is actually the result of various factors aligning for the neophyte politician, according to analysts. Actor Robin Padilla trended on Twitter after a recent Pulse Asia survey showed that he ranks 5-9 in the 2022 senatorial race. Ranking 7th in survey is actor Robin Padilla at 43 percent . Isa siya sa mga nakasakay. Sen. Juan Miguel Zubiri and Sorsogon Governor Francis "Chiz" Escudero placed fifth to seventh. Copyright The Manila Times All Rights Reserved. In a poll result released on Monday, Pulse Asia reported that Tulfo scored a 50.4% rating while Legarda received 49.4%. The full interview with Dr. David B. Yap Jr. may be viewed here: https://youtu.be/wk4njWH7l18, The Executive Summary of the Feb. 11-16, 2022 may be viewed here: https://www.publicusasia.com/pahayag-national-tracker-1/, Mr. Aureli Sinsuat, Executive Director Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. Another Facebook read: Nailahad ko na ang aking buhay nang napakaraming taon. Lets look at this from an institutional perspective. . The following placed 13 th to 20 th in the senatorial survey: Robin Padilla (23.3%), former senator Joseph Victor "JV Estrada" Ejercito (22.4%), Herbert "Bistek" Bautista (21.9%), Jejomar "Jojo" Binay (21.8%), Lorenzo "Larry" Gadon (21.2%), former senator Gregorio "Gringo" Honasan (20.3%), former senator Jose "Jinggoy" Estrada, and Herminio Email him at [emailprotected], Former Vice President Jejomar Binay (45.6%, 7th to 10th; was previously 44.5%, 7th to 8th), Sen. SC reiterates good faith no defense for disallowed benefits, Disallowed allowances of PhilHealth employees worth P15.2M upheld by the SC, DBM OKs release of P495 million for NLEX-SLEX Connector right-of-way payments, Cebu BRT: Transforming urban mobility in the Philippines, BSP Gov. Rex Gatchalian eyed as next DSWD Secretary, Women assemble! After two years of imprisonment, then President Fidel Ramos pardoned Padilla, who then made a comeback in show business. But Padilla's career suffered a major blow after he was convicted of illegal possession of firearms and sentenced to 17-21 years of imprisonment in 1996. She is the daughter of the late screen icon, Fernando Poe, Jr., who ran in the 2004 presidential elections, and veteran actress Susan Roces. Yap characterized the race for the Senate as competitive, with more than twenty names polling above the 15-percent mark and twelve names competing for four to maybe six of the twelve spots.. SUBSCRIBE Padilla's ranking rose because support for other frontrunners dropped significantly. MANILA, Philippines Actor and pardoned ex-convict Robin Padilla was majorly favored in the senatorial race across the regions, leading in 13 out of 17. We write about their words and deeds, likes and dislikes, dreams and fears. All the other candidates from 15% onwards are still within striking distance of any of the remaining twelve seats for the Senate, Yap said. Rex Gatchalian eyed as next DSWD Secretary, Women assemble! Other senatoriables who have a chance to secure a Senate seat in May are: 2 o maging No. The . Iyan po ang asahan ninyo. All Rights Reserved. I dont understand what the H are you thinking?, another one added. These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. Broadcaster Raffy Tulfo topped the survey with 66.9 percent support of respondents. So far, the confirmed members UniTeam slate are: Former. Other senatoriables who have a chance to secure a Senate seat in May are: Pulse Asia noted that a "bare majority" of 51% of likely voters are naming their Magic 12 based on its March survey, a 2% decline from the 53% of respondents who have their senatoriables in mind. Kasi mahina ang gobyerno natin. In a well-functioning democracy, where there is good governance, lahat ng mamamayan has easy access to public service, Teehankee said. Padilla was also one of the hosts of the defunct noontime show, "Wowowee," where he met TV host-actress Mariel Rodriguez. Sorsogon Governor Chiz Escudero won in the Bicol Region with 1,538,404 votes. Early survey front-runner Raffy Tulfo didn't get the INC nod, a major reason why he ended up third behind the INC-backed Robin and Loren. The other senatorial candidates with statistical chance of winning as of last month included the following. PBBM, dapat nang bitawan ang DA! Province constructionsite, Remains of Cessna plane crash victim arrive at command center in Albay, Parts of Rodriguez, Rizal waterless for 6 hours starting tonight, March 1. Instead, with the likes of Padilla and Tulfo in office, some may feel they can more easily approach the government. Legarda and Cayetano kept their spots from last time, with scores of 58% and 58.2% each. Copyright 2017 PUBLiCUS Asia, Inc. All rights reserved. Some netizens were in disbelief over Padillas high survey rankings. Why is it important to subscribe? Padilla, one of the senatorial aspirants endorsed by President Rodrigo Duterte, placed 10th with 29 percent of respondents choosing him six months before the May 2022 elections. Padilla - full name Robinhood Cario Padilla - files his certificate of candidacy as part of the Cusi-led PDP-Laban's Senate slate. Chiz Escudero (49.8%) shared the 5th to 7th places. - Actor Robin Padilla https://www.publicusasia.com/pahayag-national-tracker-1/, Lower prices, disaster response, free rides most approved natl issues, PBBM, VP Sara approval and trust stable; TESDA, GMA 7 on top, EXECUTIVE SUMMARY PAHAYAG 2022 End of the Year Survey, Economy, renewable energy top concerns for Filipinos PUBLiCUS survey. Padilla was previously 11th to 13th with 35.9% of support. MANILA Incumbent and returning senators dominated the senatorial results of the PAHAYAG Election Tracker Survey, capturing eight of the top 12 slots in the survey conducted between February 11-16, 2022 by PUBLiCUS Asia Inc. Senate returnees Francis Chiz Escudero and Alan Peter Cayetano were the top choices for senator among the 1,500 respondents to the survey, garnering 50.7 percent and 43.5 percent of the vote, respectively. Pulse Asia also noted that 58 percent of voters already have a complete senatorial slate in mind. Doon, puwede mo rin sabihin na spurious, e, yung hindi mo na mahawakang variable. Kung gaano po ako kaingay noong akoy artista lang, noong wala pong nakikinig sa akin, ito pong lalo na na nagkaroon tayo ng plataporma, nagkaroon po tayo ng sinasabi nating pagtitiwala po ninyo at akoy iniluklok ninyo, mas marami po tayong masasabi, he said. Broadcaster Raffy Tulfo leads the pack with 66.9 per cent of the respondents. Sara announced that he completed their 12-person lineup, while Marcos clarified that hes not in the 12 but part of the team.. He has morphed into what we call a right-wing, nationalist populist, Teehankee said. The actor-turned-politiko placed between 12th and 14th with 32.8 percent of voters support. He also managed to reclaim his leading-man status, with pairings with A-list actresses including Angel Locsin, Anne Curtis, and Jodi Sta. Marcos and Duterte are set to win as the next president and vice president of the Philippines, based on transmissions to the media server from 97.35% of the precincts as of May 10, 12:28 pm. Former senator and incumbent Sorsogon Governor Francis Escudero received 38.6 percent which sets him to a ranking of fourth to eighth. Iyong pagsuporta niya kay Presidente Duterte, iyong kaniyang pagdigit kay President Duterte, malaking bagay yun, the professor added. Sign in to listen to groundbreaking journalism. Tulfo tops OCTA's April 2022 senatorial survey. Herbert Bautista joins Raffy Tulfo, Robin Padilla in Magic 12 of 2022 senatorial race. Actor Robin Padilla has made it to the list of top 12 preferred senatorial candidates based on the results of a latest pre-election survey. Babbler said Gambling Man has made pinpoint bets on winning presidents, vice presidents and senators in previous derbies on his trusted survey team, he's 100 percent sure it won't let him down. - Former Senator JV Estrada Ejercito. Coming in second place is Sorsogon Governor Francis Escudero with 51 percent. We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. Grex Lagman vows continued support for Albays lawyers, Pasig Councilor Kiko Rustia defends Mayor Vico Sotto from kakampink hate, Manila provides free braces to select high school students, Iloilo mayors hands-off on DepEd hiring process, Rama wants to CCMC reconstruction finished by November, Gov Dimaporo takes oath as member of MinDA Board, Bangsamoro learners to get adequate nutrition Iqbal, Vice Mayors Help Desk launched in Cotabato City, No excuses! TAGS: The survey, conducted from Feb. 12 to 17, 2022, showed Legarda getting 66 percent or six out of 10 respondents. Broadcaster Raffy Tulfo leads the pack with 66.9 per cent of the respondents. Robin Padilla, ang Utol mo sa Senado., Robin Padilla hits noisy reluctant-to-retire senators: Nagpapalaki na lang ng bayag don. Bea Cupin. During Dutertes first year in office, in November 2016, he granted Padilla absolute pardon, restoring his civil and political rights allowing him to seek public office if he so wished. He stayed behind bars for only two years, after then-President Fidel V. Ramos granted him conditional pardon in 1998. RELATED STORY: Sara announces Robin Padilla part of senate slate, but Bongbong rejects. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. The Filipino Times is the chronicler of stories for, of and by Filipinos all over the world, reaching more than 236 countries in readership. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. (UPDATE) ACTOR Robin Padilla climbed to third place in the survey conducted by Pulse Asia from April 16 to 21, getting 42.9-percent voter preference. 1 in Senate race; In the last Pulse Asia survey released May 2, Padilla ranked third below Tulfo and Legarda, respectively. Sen. Juan Miguel Zubiri and Sorsogon Governor Francis Chiz Escudero placed fifth to seventh. But even before the Duterte administration, Padilla had been politically active since the 90s aside from his popularity as a gun-toting leading man on screen, Tehankee pointed out. House Deputy Speaker Loren Legarda and broadcaster Raffy Tulfo emerged as the most preferred senatorial candidate in the survey recently conducted by OCTA Research. Padilla thanked his supporters, especially those spending their own resources, to boost his senatorial bid. He starred in TV shows "Basta't Kasama Kita," "Puwedeng-Puwede, " "Pilipinas Got Talent," and "Sana Dalawa Ang Puso.". These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. Also in the same position are Senator Risa Hontiveros (32.3 percent) and Senator JV Ejercito (31.6 percent). Any interesting story to share? Maaaring magdulot ng pagbabago ng ranggo sa senado, he explained. China is playing an increasingly prominent role on the sidelines of Russias war in Ukraine as the conflict drags on into its second year. The clarification came from presidential aspirant and former senator Ferdinand "Bongbong" Marcos Jr., after his running mate made the announcement at a . Television personality Raffy Tulfo has maintained his lead among senatorial candidates in the latest Pulse Asia survey on the May elections. The survey, conducted from Feb. 12 to 17, 2022, showed Legarda getting 66 percent or six out of 10 respondents. Any content provided by our authors or contributors are their opinion are not intended to malign any religion, ethnic group, club, organization, company, individual or anyone or anything. Legarda, representative of the Lone District of Antique, is seeking a Senate comeback in the May 2022 elections. . Learn more. "Nasa striking distance [to place No. Senate Majority Leader Juan Miguel Zubiri (50.5%) and Sorsogon Gov. Padilla, one of the senatorial aspirants endorsed by President Duterte, soared in the Senate race, landing 10th place with 29 percent in the Social Weather Stations survey of senatorial preferences. P.O. The most recent senatorial survey is one conducted by the University of Mindanao-Institute of Popular Opinion. In the last Pulse Asia survey released May 2, Padilla ranked third below Tulfo and Legarda, respectively. Radio broadcaster Raffy Tulfo is still the frontrunner in the 2022 senatorial race, according to the latest results of the March Pulse Asia survey. The following placed 13th to 20th in the senatorial survey: Robin Padilla (23.3%), former senator Joseph Victor JV Estrada Ejercito (22.4%), Herbert Bistek Bautista (21.9%), Jejomar Jojo Binay (21.8%), Lorenzo Larry Gadon (21.2%), former senator Gregorio Gringo Honasan (20.3%), former senator Jose Jinggoy Estrada, and Herminio Harry Roque (18.3%). I am beginning to lose hope for our country. Action star Robin Padilla, meanwhile, gained ground as he landed on the 5th to 9th spot with a score of 47.3%. The views and opinions expressed in this site are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy, position, views and opinions of MCD Multimedia Corporation. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Actor Robin Padilla has climbed to 5th-7th places in the February survey from 11th to 13th places last January. He is the youngest brother of actors Rommel, Royette and Rustom Padilla, who has since come out as a trans woman BB Gandanghari. Loreben Tuquero is a researcher-writer for Rappler. Dubbed the Bad Boy of Philippine Cinema whose acting career spans nearly four decades, Padilla became an increasingly visible political figure as one of the staunch supporters of incumbent President Rodrigo Duterte. Delivery charges may apply to subscribers outside of Metro Manila. She graduated with a communication degree from the Ateneo de Manila University. Delivery charges may apply to subscribers outside of Metro Manila.

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